Hi all… In our previous tutorials, we have seen Relay interfacing with 8051. Today we will see 8051 Keypad Interfacing. Before that, I would suggest you to go through this link to know about the Keypad characteristics. And I assumed that you know LCD interfacing. Otherwise, you can see that LCD interfacing tutorials on our website. Let’s start…
Table of Contents
8051 Keypad Interfacing
Hardware Required
We have our own EmbeTronicX store called ChipTronicX. You can purchase the hardware from there.
- 4×4 Keypad or 3×4 Keypad (Here we will discuss both codes)
- LCD Module (To print the Keys pressed)
- 8051 Microcontroller
4×4 Matrix Keypad Interfacing
Circuit Diagram
LCD
- RS – P3.5
- RW – P3.6
- EN – P3.7
- Data Lines – P2
Keypad
- R1 – P1.0
- R2 – P1.1
- R3 – P1.2
- R4 – P1.3
- C1 – P1.4
- C2 – P1.5
- C3 – P1.6
- C4 – P1.7
Code
This code might be looking big. But concept-wise it is very easy. Please go through this code.
#include<reg51.h>
#define lcd P2
sbit rs=P3^5;
sbit rw=P3^6;
sbit en=P3^7;
sbit r1=P1^0;
sbit r2=P1^1;
sbit r3=P1^2;
sbit r4=P1^3;
sbit c1=P1^4;
sbit c2=P1^5;
sbit c3=P1^6;
sbit c4=P1^7;
void lcd_init();
void cmd(unsigned char );
void dat(unsigned char );
lcd_string(unsigned char *);
void delay(unsigned int );
void keypad(void);
void main()
{
lcd_init();
while(1) {
cmd(0x80);
lcd_string("Enter the key:");
cmd(0xc7);
keypad();
}
}
void keypad()
{
c1=c2=c3=c4=1;
r1=0;r2=1;r3=1;r4=1;
if(c1==0){
while(c1==0);
dat('7');
} else if(c2==0) {
while(c2==0);
dat('8');
} else if(c3==0) {
while(c3==0);
dat('9');
} else if(c4==0) {
while(c4==0);
dat('/');
}
r1=1;r2=0;r3=1;r4=1;
if(c1==0){
while(c1==0);
dat('4');
} else if(c2==0) {
while(c2==0);
dat('5');
} else if(c3==0) {
while(c3==0);
dat('6');
} else if(c4==0) {
while(c4==0);
dat('*');
}
r1=1;r2=1;r3=0;r4=1;
if(c1==0){
while(c1==0);
dat('1');
} else if(c2==0) {
while(c2==0);
dat('2');
} else if(c3==0) {
while(c3==0);
dat('3');
} else if(c4==0) {
while(c4==0);
dat('-');
}
r1=1;r2=1;r3=1;r4=0;
if(c1==0){
while(c1==0);
cmd(0x01);
} else if(c2==0) {
while(c2==0);
dat('0');
} else if(c3==0) {
while(c3==0);
dat('=');
} else if(c4==0) {
while(c4==0);
dat('+');
}
}
void lcd_init()
{
cmd(0x38);
cmd(0x0e);
cmd(0x06);
cmd(0x01);
}
void cmd(unsigned char x)
{
lcd=x;
rs=0;
rw=0;
en=1;
delay(1000);
en=0;
}
void dat(unsigned char y)
{
lcd=y;
rs=1;
rw=0;
en=1;
delay(1000);
en=0;
}
lcd_string(unsigned char *s)
{
while(*s)
dat(*s++);
}
void delay(unsigned int z)
{
unsigned int i;
for(i=0;i<=z;i++);
}
Code Explanation
I assumed that you already know about LCD interfacing. Now look at these lines in keypad function,
c1=c2=c3=c4=1;
r1=0;r2=1;r3=1;r4=1;
if(c1==0){
while(c1==0);
dat('7');
} else if(c2==0) {
while(c2==0);
dat('8');
} else if(c3==0) {
while(c3==0);
dat('9');
} else if(c4==0) {
while(c4==0);
dat('/');
}
In this code, I’m taking row as output and column as input.
- In the first line, I’m assigning high to all columns. (c1=c2=c3=c4=1;)
- Then I’m assigning the first row to zero and keeps the remaining row as high. (r1=0;r2=1;r3=1;r4=1;)
- Then I’m checking the first column is zero or not. If it is zero then I should wait until that button depressed. Then I can know the pressed key.
- If not I’m checking the next column. Like that, I’m checking all rows and columns.
- If no keys pressed in row1, then I’m making row2 as zero. The remaining rows are high. Then follow the above steps.
Output
Check the below output.
3×4 Matrix Keypad Interfacing
Circuit Diagram
LCD
- RS – P3.5
- RW – P3.6
- EN – P3.7
- Data Lines – P2
Keypad
- R1 – P1.0
- R2 – P1.1
- R3 – P1.2
- R4 – P1.3
- C1 – P1.4
- C2 – P1.5
- C3 – P1.6
Code
#include<reg51.h>
#define lcd P2
sbit rs=P3^5;
sbit rw=P3^6;
sbit en=P3^7;
sbit r1=P1^0;
sbit r2=P1^1;
sbit r3=P1^2;
sbit r4=P1^3;
sbit c1=P1^4;
sbit c2=P1^5;
sbit c3=P1^6;
void lcd_init();
void cmd(unsigned char );
void dat(unsigned char );
lcd_string(unsigned char *);
void delay(unsigned int );
void keypad(void);
void main()
{
lcd_init();
while(1) {
cmd(0x80);
lcd_string("Enter the key:");
cmd(0xc7);
keypad();
}
}
void keypad()
{
c1=c2=c3=1;
r1=0;r2=1;r3=1;r4=1;
if(c1==0){
while(c1==0);
dat('1');
} else if(c2==0) {
while(c2==0);
dat('2');
} else if(c3==0) {
while(c3==0);
dat('3');
}
r1=1;r2=0;r3=1;r4=1;
if(c1==0){
while(c1==0);
dat('4');
} else if(c2==0) {
while(c2==0);
dat('5');
} else if(c3==0) {
while(c3==0);
dat('6');
}
r1=1;r2=1;r3=0;r4=1;
if(c1==0){
while(c1==0);
dat('7');
} else if(c2==0) {
while(c2==0);
dat('8');
} else if(c3==0) {
while(c3==0);
dat('9');
}
r1=1;r2=1;r3=1;r4=0;
if(c1==0){
while(c1==0);
dat('*');
} else if(c2==0) {
while(c2==0);
dat('0');
} else if(c3==0) {
while(c3==0);
dat('#');
}
}
void lcd_init()
{
cmd(0x38);
cmd(0x0e);
cmd(0x06);
cmd(0x01);
}
void cmd(unsigned char x)
{
lcd=x;
rs=0;
rw=0;
en=1;
delay(1000);
en=0;
}
void dat(unsigned char y)
{
lcd=y;
rs=1;
rw=0;
en=1;
delay(1000);
en=0;
}
lcd_string(unsigned char *s)
{
while(*s)
dat(*s++);
}
void delay(unsigned int z)
{
unsigned int i;
for(i=0;i<=z;i++);
}
Code Explanation
Same as the 4×4 Matrix keypad.
Output
[ Please find the output image Here ]
Tasks
Please try these tasks. If you have any doubt please ask us by commenting below.
- Whatever I’m pressing in the Keypad that character should be displayed in the Serial terminal.
- Connect 8 LEDs into Port 0. If I press 0, No LEDs will be ON. If I press 1, 1 LED should be ON. If I press 2, 2 LEDs should ON. Like that up to 8 numbers, you write the program.
In our next tutorial, we will discuss the ADC0804 interfacing with 8051.
You can also read the below tutorials.
Embedded Software | Firmware | Linux Devic Driver | RTOS
Hi, I am a tech blogger and an Embedded Engineer. I am always eager to learn and explore tech-related concepts. And also, I wanted to share my knowledge with everyone in a more straightforward way with easy practical examples. I strongly believe that learning by doing is more powerful than just learning by reading. I love to do experiments. If you want to help or support me on my journey, consider sharing my articles, or Buy me a Coffee! Thank you for reading my blog! Happy learning!
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